Chemical Bonds

      Hey guys Ion_Turtle's back. Today I'm talking about chemical bonds. Chemical bonds are really cool. They make up everything around you. Here are some gifs of really cool ones.

Now to explain what happens. To understand what happens we have to revisit atome. An atom is made of protons, neutrons, and electrons. Protons (positive) and neutrons (no charge) are in a clump in the center called the nucleus. Electrons (negative) fly around the outside. They fly around in shells. each shell holds a certain amount of electrons. The first shell can hold a maximum of two. While the second can hold a maximum of eight. The electrons in the outermost shell are called valence electrons. The area where these electrons orbit isn't perfect. It is a rough sphere that is fuzzy because they move very fast. It is called the cloud.

An atom can be stable or unstable. If it is stable then it's outer shell is full. If it is unstable then it's outer shell isn't full.

A chemical bond is when two atoms combine. There are two different types of chemical bonds, covalent and ionic. A covalent bond is created when two or more atoms combine and share an electron.

An ionic bond is created when two atoms meet and one takes an electron from the other. The one that took the electron becomes negative while the other one becomes positive. If you have ever used a magnet then you know opposites attract. That means that the positive atom and the negative atom stick together. The force sticking them together is electrostatic attraction.

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Links:

Gifs

Cloud pic

Neon

Covalent Bond