Never lose Rock, Paper, Scissors again

      You guys know the game rock, paper, scissors. You and one other player simultaneously choose a hand sign that represents rock, paper, or scissors. Rock beats scissors, scissors beats paper, and paper beats rock.



       This game seems fair and it was believed to be fair because of the Nash Equilibrium. The Nash Equilibrium says that the game is fair because the players will tend to choose all three options equally. A study by China's Zhejiang University says otherwise. They found that players that win are more likely to choose the same thing in order to continue their winning streak. They also found that players that lose are more likely to choose the next one in the name. So if they lost with rock they would move to paper and if they lost again they would choose scissors.


     I think this is really cool. I will definitely use this against people in the future. It did cost them a lot of time and money to just decode a simple children's game. "Professional" Rock, Paper, Scissors players have also used this trick for years. I also realized that if both people try to use the trick it won't work for either of them and the game will be fair once again. I chose this article because I like using easy tricks to win at things that are supposed to be random like counting cards in black jack and this appealed to me.




Link dump:
http://www.dogonews.com/2014/5/5/scientists-reveal-a-fail-proof-strategy-to-win-rock-paper-scissors

Waves

    Hi. I'm back. Today I'm talking about waves. Like sound waves, light waves, seismic waves, and radio waves.

    First what is a wave? A wave is a disturbance that carries energy from one location to another. Some waves need to go through something called a medium. These are called mechanical waves. Like seismic waves have to go through the ground. (seismic waves = earthquakes) The ground is their medium. Other waves don't need a medium. These are called electromagnetic waves. Like light. That means that light can go through space.

Two types of mechanical waves are transverse and compressional. Transverse waves are the traditional waves that you see. The ones that go up and down. Compressional waves instead compress and decompress. They are similar because they both need a medium and they both carry energy.

Sound is a compressional wave. Sound is created by vibrating objects. The vibrations compress the air and then decompress it starting the wave. Sound waves go out in all directions.


There are different parts of a wave. There is the crest which is the top part and the trough which is the bottom part. You have probably heard someone talk about wave frequency. The frequency is the number a waves that passes in a second. You can measure this by counting the crests. Wavelength is the distance from one crest to the next. The amplitude is the lengths from the middle of the wave to the top. The higher the amplitude the more energy it has.


   So that's all this week so bye.





Link Dump:
Gifs
Compressional Wave gif
Sounds Waves going everywhere gif
Wave labeled

Newton's Laws and Gravity (again)

    Hey I'm Back. Today I will talk about Newton's Laws and Gravity. I have talked about these before but there is so muc information on these topics that I had to put it in a new post.

    Newton's 3 laws are very important. A scientific law connot be broken. Newton's first law explains that an object in motion will stay in motion and will go in the same direction and the same speed untill a force is applied to it. It also says that an object at rest will stay at rest and not move until a force moves it. The reason a soccer ball stops is because friction between it and the grass is a force and it slows it down. The reason that a ball on the top of a hill rolls down is because the force of gravity pulls it down.


    The second law says that an object will go in the direction of the net force. That means that when a plane flies even though gravity, air resitance, and wind are pushing the plane because the propulsion of the plane is stronger then those forces the plane will go up.
 

   The third law says that for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. This means that when you push down to jump your pushig down the same amout that you go up. The same thing happens when a rocket lifts off. It also means that while you are standing on the ground the ground is pushing you up the same amount that gravity is pulling you down. This makes it so that you don't sink into the ground.

   Now for gravity. Gravity just says that everything attracts everything else. It also says that the larger something is the stronger the attraction. That is why you're strongly attrated to the Earth but an acorn on the ground isn't strongly attracted to you. Also the farther apart 2 things are the weaker their attraction toward each other. That is why you stick to the Earth and don't fly away to the sun even though the sun is much bigger. That shows that the strength of the gravitational pull depends on mass and distance.








You remember Galileo right? Well remember that expirement he did where he dropped two things of different sizes and they hit the ground at the same time. I'm just gonna restate that here because it was pretty important.

On the day that Galileo died Isaac Newton was born. Isaac Newton was an overachiever who decided to figure out what gravity really is. He figured out that all objects have a gravitational pull and they all are pulling on each other. He couldn't just stop after he discovered the laws of motion and invented calculus. He just had to also define gravity.

 

     An object's mass isn't the same as it's weight. I say this a lot because a lot of people don't know this. An object's weight is how hard the planet your on pulls on you. While you mass is how much stuff is in you. This means that if you move to mars your mass won't change but your weight will.

 

 

   Gravity is one of the most important forces in the universe. This is because it holds solar systems, galaxies, and planets together.
 

 

 

Link dump:

1st and 2nd law
2nd law

Gravity

Newton and Galileo

Galaxy

Gravity

Hello everyone! Gravity is a downward force. It makes things fall. Like when you spilled milk in the morning. It also made that weight fall on your toe. It even made you fall face first into the ground in front of everyone. Hopefully none of that actually happened to you.






Galileo created a famous experiment where he dropped objects of different sizes at the same time. Even though one is bigger they landed at the exact same time.

Remember Sir Isaac Newton? He did a lot with gravity. He said that every object that has mass has a gravitational pull. Bigger and denser things have a larger gravitational pull.

Gravity depends on mass and distance. The as I said the larger the mass the stronger the gravitational pull. Also the larger the distance between two objects the weaker the gravitational pull. That's why you don't fly away to the sun or Jupiter. Its because the earth pulls you harder because you're closer.

You've heard of mass and weight right? Well they're different. Mass is how much stuff there is in you while weight is how hard the planet that you are currently on is pulling on you. That means that on mars or Jupiter you will have the same mass but a different weight.

Gravity is the most important thing in the world. Why else would it get so many awards. Jokes aside without the scientific gravity we would be alive because we wouldn't have the sun keeping us alive. That and we would fly off the Earth.


That's all for today. Hope you enjoyed reading.



Link Dump:
All gifs from Giphy

Force!

Ion_Turtle is finally back! Today I am talking about force (no Star Wars jokes). "A force is a push or pull upon an object resulting from the object's interaction with another object," says the Physics Classroom (Link) Three examples of forces are gravity, air resistance and friction.



Newtons are used to measure force. A newton is equal to the force that would give a mass of one kilogram an acceleration of one meter per second squared. Basically one newton would make one kilogram accelerate at one meter per second squared (that's a lot of ones)

Net force is the overall force acting on an object. If two people are push at a something from opposite sides you can use simple math to find the net force. If both people are pushing at 5 Newtons then the object will not move because the net force is 0 (5-5=0) But if one pushes harder (10 Newtons) then the net force would be 5 to the right (10-5=5) That is also an example of balanced and unbalanced forces. The first example where the net force is 0 the force is balanced. In the second one it is not. Like I said in the first scenario (net force=0/balanced) the box will move. And in the second scenario (net force=5/unbalanced) the box will not move.

Thrust is also important. Your Dictionary (cool name) says, "thrust is the act of pushing with force." (link) So basically if your pushing a box your thrusting it... OK moving on.

Your Dictionary also says, "centripetal force is what allows something to move in a curved path by pulling whatever is going around in a circle into the middle of the circle." Basically if you spin something it will be forced outward, but if it is not connected and you spin it out it will just fly out. (Like those spinning rides were you get strapped to the wall and spun around)






That's all for today. So see you later.

Link Dump:
Gravity
Force Pic
Guys pushing box
Centripetal Force

Acceleration

Hey Ion_Turtle is back. This time to talk about acceleration. Acceleration is the change in velocity divided by the change in time. If you speed up or slow down your accelerating (yes even slowing down)


This Bugatti has the world record top speed at 409km/h. You have to accelerate a lot to get that high

To acceleration can be positive or negative. Positive goes the same way as the motion and speeds you up. Negative goes the opposite direction and slows you down. Negative acceleration is still acceleration. To accelerate you can speed up (pedal on your bicycle), slow down (hit the brakes in your car), or turn (which slows you down a little).


To calculate acceleration you take the final speed subtract the initial speed and divide by the time it took. Or a=Fs-Is/T

Acceleration can also be graphed. If you look at a graph of acceleration it will have line that goes up and down and sometimes stays horizontal. If it is going up then the object has a positive acceleration. The steeper the line the faster it is accelerating. If the line is horizontal then the object has a constant speed and is not accelerating. If the line goes down it has negative acceleration. Again the steeper the line the faster is is accelerating (because it is accelerating backward the faster the acceleration the sooner the object will stop)









Link Dump:
Bugatti
All gifs
Acceleration formula
Acceleration graph


Motion!

 Finally Ion_Turtle is back! Today I will talk about motion. Something is in motion if it changes position. Everything is in motion. Cars are being driven. Balls are being kicked. People are exercising to meet there new years resolution even though they'll probably give up in a week. Even the building you are in right now is connected to earth and moving through space. Oh yea and Arsenal scored these goals with motion, too.













To see that something is in motion you need a reference point. A reference point is just a still object that lets you see that the moving object moved.


You can tell that the car moved because it started on the left of the weird globe tree and ended at the right of it (seriously why is it a globe). Anyway this is called relative motion.

Next is the difference between distance and displacement. Distance is haw far you travelled while displacement if how far the end point is from the start. Displacement is always a straight line while distance can be curved or may turn. This is because in the real world you can't alwas go straight to your destination. There may be a mountain or a lake in the way. More commonly you are driving and have to follow roads.

Now we will talk about speed. Speed is the distance something has traveled in a unit of time. It could be measured in miles, yards, feet, or inches and seconds, minutes, and hours. Every country except for 'Merica is smart enough to use the metric system. So they use kilometers, meters, or centimeters. You find the speed by dividing the distance you by the speed. So the equation is S=d/t.


For example if you went 20 miles and it took you 5 minutes to find your speed you would divide the 20 miles by the 5 minutes and get 4 miles a minute. Usually people don't use minutes. People use kilometers per hour, meters per second, or miles an hour.

Next I will talk about instantaneous speed and average speed. Instantaneous speed is the speed at a certain point in time. So if you are going 15 miles per hour then that is your instantaneous speed, but if you stop at a stop sign then your instantaneous seed changes to 0 because at that instant you are stopped and are not moving.

In traffic you start and stop a lot. Here you can use average speed. For example if you go down a road with a lot of traffic and the road is 60 miles long. It takes you 3 hours to get through. Your average speed would be 20 miles an hour even though you were stopped a lot.



Next is Velocity. Many people think velocity is the same as speed and in a way it is but it has one key part that makes it different. Velocity has to do with direction. For example a car may be going 50 miles an hour North. Because you added the "North" it changes it to the car's velocity instead of its speed. Your need to know the speed and direction to state the velocity. For example if you are in a car your velocity may be 30 miles per hour North. Then if you turn left your velocity will change to 30 miles per hour West. Also if you slow down your velocity changes. So it might change to 10 miles per hour West.

Interesting facts:
Cheetahs run 112–120 km/h
The Peregrine falcon can dive at 389 km/h
This makes the Peregrine falcon the fastest animal in the world




Links:
Arsenal goal
2nd and 3rd arsenal goal
Reference point
Distance and displacement
Speed formula
Speed limit
Traffic
Velocity
Cheetah running/cheetah baby